What happens to fistula sites after they are no longer needed?

• A. They generally close by themselves
• B. They must be surgically closed
• C. They become permanent openings
• D. They cause chronic infection

Answer: (A)

Fistula sites generally close by themselves once they’re no longer needed because the tract is temporary and designed to heal once use ends. When the fistula is no longer being used, the opening and the tract tend to seal as inflammation resolves and normal tissue repair proceeds. Over time, granulation tissue matures, the tract contracts, and the skin closes without needing additional intervention. Surgical closure is only needed if healing is delayed, infection persists, or the tract remains patent for some reason. So the expected outcome is spontaneous closure, not a permanent opening or ongoing infection.